Highlights

Since 1989, the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) has submitted annual reports to Congress called Our Changing Planet. The reports describe the status of USGCRP research activities, provide progress updates, and document recent accomplishments.

In particular, Our Changing Planet highlights progress and accomplishments in interagency activities. These highlights represent the broad spectrum of USGCRP activities that extend from Earth system observations, modeling, and fundamental research through synthesis and assessment, decision support, education, and public engagement. Highlights describe the state of science at the time of publication of each yearly report, and may not reflect more recent advances in understanding. The date of publication of the source report is noted on each highlight page.

Building on 2013’s working group report on the physical science basis for climate change, the IPCC released two additional installments of its Fifth Assessment Report in spring 2014—this time focused on climate impacts, risks, and responses.

The first of these two 2014 installments dealt with impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability, finding that the effects of climate change are already occurring worldwide; that the world, in many cases, is ill-prepared for the associated risks; and that there are opportunities to respond with effective action, though

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Under Executive Orders (EO) 13514 and 13653, President Obama directed Federal agencies to evaluate and prepare for climate-related risks to ensure that they can continue to meet their missions and serve the American public as climate changes. A key component of USGCRP’s work to prepare the Nation for global change involves informing Federal preparedness and resilience efforts with resources built on sound scientific understanding.

To further support these efforts, USGCRP recently released an easy-to-access, web-based collection of resources to help Federal

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The Washington, DC metropolitan region holds a unique concentration of Federal buildings, irreplaceable cultural and historic resources, nationally significant monuments and landscapes, and diverse communities. This region is already experiencing the effects of climate change, including more frequent extreme weather events, rising temperatures, and recurring flooding. As these impacts intensify, they will affect residents and workers, real estate assets, businesses, government, and natural resources.

Federal, regional, and local organizations have an

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This diagram shows how, using the Global Change Information System, a user can trace an image from the Third National Climate Assessment back to its original source and supporting data. (Credit: Adapted from Goldstein et al., 2013)

USGCRP’s novel Global Change Information System builds on prior agency investments and is designed to support traceability between multiple environmental data streams—such as observations from sensors and output from models—and the resulting scientific reports. This system creates an open environment for users to access machine-readable information and trace user-friendly products back to the supporting science. As an important first step and proof-of-concept, the GCIS provides this

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In March 2014, USGCRP helped support the launch of the Climate Data Initiative, a key component of the President’s Climate Action Plan. The Climate Data Initiative brings together open government data with commitments from the private and philanthropic sectors to develop data-driven tools that communities and businesses across America need to plan for the impacts of climate change.

With the launch of the Climate Data Initiative, data from USGCRP agencies—including NOAA, NASA, USGS, and DOD—and other Federal entities are

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An interpreter talks to aquarium visitors. (Credit: NNOCCI)

Informal education settings such as zoos, aquariums, and parks play an essential part in conveying science to broad public audiences. USGCRP agencies work together to support initiatives that build capacity for communicating the science and impacts of climate change among interpreters in these important educational environments. For example, the National Network for Ocean and Climate Change Interpretation (NNOCCI), funded by NSF and led by the New England Aquarium (NEAQ), comprises a partnership of aquariums, zoos, parks, academic institutions, and other non-

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The Global Carbon Atlas, released in late 2013, is an interactive web-based platform designed to communicate information about the global carbon cycle to educators, policy makers, non-governmental organizations, the general public, and the scientific community. The Atlas allows users to explore, visualize, and interpret global and regional carbon data related to human activities and natural processes, with the goal of sharing knowledge and supporting decisions to limit and cope with human-induced climate change.

The Global Carbon Atlas was made possible

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With the release of the Third National Climate Assessment (see related Highlight 9) came a spike in public demand for information about climate change, its impacts on America, and USGCRP. The Program met this press of interest with a new user-friendly, public-oriented website that launched concurrently with the report’s release. The site deploys the Third National Climate Assessment in an interactive, shareable format. It also provides a dynamic suite of resources and information spanning the breadth of USGCRP and serving user groups including scientists, decision

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This graph shows projected impacts of climate change on crop productivity (darker blue) and related agricultural and economic responses. Black dots indicate the average percent change in each variable by 2050, relative to no climate change; the height of

Agricultural production is a critical sector of the domestic and global economy that is affected directly by climate change. The Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP)—supported in part by DOE, NASA, USAID, and USDA—is a major international effort linking the climate, crop, and economic modeling communities to produce improved projections of climate impacts on the agricultural sector, thereby enhancing capacity to prepare for and respond to these climate-driven changes. To learn more about AgMIP, visit: http://goo.gl/ZmU82S

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The Transboundary Flathead River Watershed, home to key trout and salmon species, extends from British Columbia into Montana. (Credit: G. Lenz, USGS)

Trout and salmon are economically and ecologically important stream-dwelling species. Researchers from USGS, NOAA, and the University of Montana are working together to assess the effects of current and future climate change on these species’ freshwater habitats throughout the Pacific Northwest, with the goal of providing tools to help managers predict and respond to potential climate impacts on habitats, populations, and the economy.

Research to date indicate that increasing stream water temperatures may lead to fragmentation of suitable habitat for

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Highlights

Impacts, Risks, and Responses in the 2014 IPCC Reports

Supporting Federal Climate Preparedness with Resources and Data

Building a Climate-Resilient National Capital Region

Tracing Global Change Science Back to the Source

Empowering the Nation with Climate Data

Building Capacity Among Climate-Change Interpreters

A Global Carbon Atlas for Educators, Policymakers, and the Public

GlobalChange.gov Reloaded: USGCRP's New Website

Modeling Climate Impacts on Agriculture and Adaptation by the Agro-Economy

Assessing Risks to Freshwater Fish