Since 1989, the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) has submitted annual reports to Congress called Our Changing Planet. The reports describe the status of USGCRP research activities, provide progress updates, and document recent accomplishments
In particular, Our Changing Planet highlights progress and accomplishments in interagency activities. These highlights represent the broad spectrum of USGCRP activities that extend from Earth system observations, modeling, and fundamental research through synthesis and assessment, decision support, education, and public engagement.
Reducing the rate of biodiversity loss and averting precipitous ecosystem changes are internationally shared goals. Through its funding to DIVERSITAS, USGCRP supports the international Group on Earth Observation’s Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) in building a global, scientifically robust framework for detecting biodiversity change, intended to fill gaps in existing data and create links between globally dispersed observing systems. To meet
...
The continual cycling of carbon through the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms is an essential function of the Earth system. The U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program (under the auspices of USGCRP; carboncyclescience.us) and USGCRP agencies are working to understand how climate change and human activities are altering this foundational component of the environment, and how these alterations feed back to affect climate change. Some examples are highlighted below:
At least two thirds of the world’s land-based organic carbon is stored in
Society derives many benefits from biodiversity and ecosystems, including clean air and water, as well as a host of recreational and culturally valued services. Climate change and nitrogen pollution—or excess nitrogen in the air and water, usually caused by human activities—are two major stressors affecting ecosystems nationwide, leading to shifts in habitat ranges, loss of species, and increased soil acidity. A partnership of researchers from EPA, USDA-FS, USGS, and academia are collaborating to assess the interacting impacts of nitrogen and climate change
Paleoclimate studies extend records of climate beyond the time period for which we have instrumental measurements. Such research not only answers questions about what Earth was like in the past, but also provides context for the climate changes that we are experiencing today and informs our understanding of how climate is likely to change in the future. In 2013, an international team of researchers published the most comprehensive reconstruction of past temperature changes ever generated at the continental scale.
...
Pollution from the combustion of fossil fuels and wood has contributed to climate change in complex ways, with some pollutants causing cooling and others causing warming, accompanied by effects on patterns of atmospheric circulation and precipitation. To better understand these complex relationships, the Atmospheric Chemistry Climate Model Intercomparison Project, part of the international 5th-phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), conducted a series of pollution-focused modeling experiments to reveal spatial patterns, sectoral influences,
Predicting climate conditions anywhere from two weeks to a season in advance is critical for making informed decisions and safeguarding infrastructure across various sectors of the U.S. economy, including water resources, energy supply, public safety, and agriculture, among many others.
USGCRP agencies are supporting improved climate forecasts on these relatively short timescales through field campaigns coupled with model development and analysis efforts. DOE, NASA, NOAA, NSF, and DOD’
...In May 2014, delivering on the Global Change Research Act of 1990 and the President’s Climate Action Plan, USGCRP released the Third National Climate Assessment (NCA), the most comprehensive, authoritative, and transparent scientific report on U.S. climate-change impacts to date. The report confirms that climate change, once considered a distant threat, is already affecting every region of the country and key sectors of the economy, and will continue to do so into the future. The release of the report garnered much attention nationwide, including among stakeholder
...Building on 2013’s working group report on the physical science basis for climate change, the IPCC released two additional installments of its Fifth Assessment Report in spring 2014—this time focused on climate impacts, risks, and responses.
The first of these two 2014 installments dealt with impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability, finding that the effects of climate change are already occurring worldwide; that the world, in many cases, is ill-prepared for the associated risks; and that there are opportunities to respond with effective action, though
Under Executive Orders (EO) 13514 and 13653, President Obama directed Federal agencies to evaluate and prepare for climate-related risks to ensure that they can continue to meet their missions and serve the American public as climate changes. A key component of USGCRP’s work to prepare the Nation for global change involves informing Federal preparedness and resilience efforts with resources built on sound scientific understanding.
To further support these efforts, USGCRP recently released an easy-to-access, web-based collection of resources to help Federal
...The Washington, DC metropolitan region holds a unique concentration of Federal buildings, irreplaceable cultural and historic resources, nationally significant monuments and landscapes, and diverse communities. This region is already experiencing the effects of climate change, including more frequent extreme weather events, rising temperatures, and recurring flooding. As these impacts intensify, they will affect residents and workers, real estate assets, businesses, government, and natural resources.
Federal, regional, and local organizations have an